The Project:
Telemedicine in the Amazon Jungle

Project Coordinator:
Elson Montagno, MD, PhD

Our mission is to place satellite computer terminals in the Amazon rural communities, so that the medical students doing their turn of the internship can access Internet and carry out voice and video transmissions over the Internet with their teachers in Manaus' University Hospital and other supporting hospitals.

These terminals are stripped down PCs (sometimes called "slim clients" in computer parlance). They have a flat panel color video display, full keyboard, mouse and a small plastic tower with no disks inside. They are permanently connected via a 3-foot parabolic antenna to a low-orbit satellite network (LOS), which requires low power to work than geosynchronous satellites. All software is stored in the network server, which is located in the 20th floor of a gleaming, ultramodern glass tower in the plush business district of São Paulo, 4,000 miles to the South.

Thanks to state-of-the art technology, these small PCs have a lot  of power. Transmission speeds as high as 512 kbits per second can be achieved, which is good enough for full-screen videoconferencing and broadcasting of TV programs directly to the PCs screens.
 

New Capabilities Brought by Technology

In this way, the medical students will be able to:

There is more: the Indian Health Service will benefit from the telemedicine setup, too. They are integrated with the municipal health services of the nearest town, but each one has a resident "barefoot doctor", who is an Indian of the same village, who is literate and was trained by government physicians to perform the simple duties of a health-promotion agent. This is very smart, because it respects their cultural heritage and fosters trust.
A basic unit with several physicians and nurses nearby help out the agent by receiving patient referrals with a need for more complex medical procedures. These professionals are all paid up by philanthropic non-governmental organizations (NGOs), which were founded by religious groups or by the Indian activists themselves. The Indian Health Services plans to have telemedicine units in these services too. They will help 85,000 Indians of more than 130 different ethnic groups still living the most primitive of existences throughout the state of Amazonas.

To start this program, a lot of help will be needed. We will buy or get computers and satellite dishes donated and installed in place, students and local users must be trained, and a 24-h service center must be established in Manaus' University Hospital. Other medical schools around the country will be contacted and hired to generate educational content, and provide second opinion and teleconsultation services. The telecommunications company must be paid on a monthly basis and internet hosting must be arranged.

There are several opportunities for helping. Please read on...

First International Symposiun on Aboriginal Telemedicine.
 
 

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